Arrangement for producing electrical oscillations.



GEORG GRAP VON ARGO. ARRANGEMENT FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICAL OSOILLATIONS.

- APPLICATION FILED 111912.11, 1911. 1,061,717. Patented May13,1913.

' U rs sra'rss PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGV GRAF voN ARGO, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR T0 GESELLSCHAFT Fun DRAHTLOSE TELEGRAPHIE, M. B. H., or BERLIN, GERMANY, A CORPORATION or GERMANY.

ARRANGEMENT FOR PRODUCING ELECTRICAL OSCILLATIONS.

To all whom itmag concern:

Be it known that I, Gnono GRAF VON ARoo, a subject of the German Emperor, and residing'at Berlin, Germany, have invented a certain new and useful Improved 'Arrangement for Producing Electrical Oscillations, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an arrangement for producing electrical oscillations by direct current.

The use of direct current as compared With alternating current has very great advantages, more particularly for small installations, but arrangements of this kind hitherto employed have not worked satisfactorilyby reason of the greater sparking at the interrupter, more particularly in the case of a high frequency of interrupt-ion and Where high potentials are used.

Now by the present invention sparking is substantially avoided by using a transformer for increasing the potential, the leakage of the transformer being smaller than that of an ordinary induction coil; for instance I may use a transformer with a closed magnetic circuit and without a series choking coil, and a spark gap having an extinguishing effect in the primary oscillation circuit, such as for instance a Wien spark gap or a Rendahl mercury vapor lamp. The forming of sparks is further suppressed by a peculiar construction of the interrupter which will be hereinafter more particularly described.

Several forms in which the invention may be reduced to practice are shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagram of the entire elec trical arrangement. Figs. 2 and 3 are side and end views respectively of one form of interrupter, and Fig. 1 shows another form of interrupter construction.

The feeding circuit consists of a direct current generator 1, an interrupter 2, an ordinary condenser 3 inserted in parallel thereto, and a transformer 1 with a closed magnetic circuit; the primary oscillation circuit (extinguishing circuit) consists of a condenser 5, an extinguishing spark gap 6 and a coupling coil 7, while the secondary oscillation circuit is formed of an aerial wire 8 connected to earth and a coupling coil 9.

Owing to the spark gap having a sudden extinguishing action, the whole energy set in motion when a spark passes over the Specification of letters Patent.

Application filed April 11, 1911.

Patented May 13, 1913. Serial No. 620,498.

spark gap is immediately transmitted in the ordinary way to the secondary circuit, so that after the extinguishing of the spark gap the condenser 5 is practically entirely discharged. The closed magnetic circuit transformer. therefore affords the advantage on account of its very small leakage of introducing only a very slight self induction in the feeding circuit.

As the interrupter, which is diagranunatically represented at 2 in Fig. 1, a disk circuit breaker 10 (Figs. 2 and 3) made like a commutator is preferably employed, which is mounted on a shaft 21 rotated at the proper s need by sui table means (not shown). This disk has, arranged as usual, a suitable number of current conducting bars. Sli) rings 11, 11 and 11" are mounted on shaft 21 and insulated therefrom near the interrupter disk and each ring is connected with certain of the interrupter bars by means of wires 12 in alternate sequence with the other ring. For instance one ring with the lirst, fourth and seventh bar, the secondring with the second, fifth, eighth and so-forth, and the third ring with the third, sixth, ninth and so-lorth. Only one of the three rings shown, 6. ring 11 as shown in Fig. 2, is connected with the dynamo in a circuit of the character shown in Fig. 1, while the others serve as reserve, for instance, in case one of the bars connected with slip ring 11" has become defective. Fig. 2 clearly shows in circuit with the dynamo by having for instance brush lei of the interrupter 10 directly connected with the dynamo 1. The brushes 21, 22 and 13 of the slip rings are connected to contacts 16 17 and 18 respectively of a selective switch 20, the lever 15 of which is in turn connected with the dynamo circuit, so that by setting the lever on any of its contacts, any of thcsli p rings may be thrown into the circuit. ,Vhen during rotation of the interrupter, and with the switch position for instance as shown in Fig. 2, brush 14: contacts withbars which are connected with the wires 12 leading to any of the two slip .how any of the three rings may be connected rings 11 and 11, the circuit is opened and it is only closed for the time in which the brush contacts with bars which are in direct connection by means of a wire 12 with the slip ring 11". This arrangement gives therefore a proportion of 2 :1 for the time the circuit is open to the time the circuit is geous to employ aplurality that the interruptions take place simultaneb from the brushes 14 to rupter bars takes place in the same d1rec-- brushes is prevented.

' are made of silver;

-ductor of heat,that it is soft' 7 without damage to a slip ring 11. 'bars by means ously. Only a portion of the total potential then exists between two contracting elements, so that with a suitable number of interrupters connected in series a current of any suitably high potential may be, interrupted the contacts Fig. 4 shows a way of carrying out this idea. I

Each interrupter disk 10 is provided .With

of brushes 14 and it is taken away by brushes 13 in contact with rings l1.

Both interrupters-are connected in series in such away that the passage of current the respective'intertion in both interrupters, so that all the brushes on the one hand and the bars on the other hand have the same pola ty. By this means an unequal burning a ay of the Now it has also been found that with a certain connection of the two interrupter electrodes, namely the bars and the brushes the bars are more rapldly destroyedthan the brushes and that vice versa if the connections are reversed, the brushes burn away more rapidly, but the bars remain effective for a considerably longer time if the brushes are employed as anode. Accordingly the invention further consists in selecting such a polarity that of the two electrodes the brushes burn away more rapidly. Finally it has also. been found that a particularly favorable action of the apparatus is obtained if the brushes This is probably due to the fact that silver is a very good concauses the smallest arc.

1 claim: r 1. In an arrangement tric oscillations by interrupteddireet current, a feeding circuit containing in series a direct current source, an interrupter,the

y" coil of a transformer having a 5 tion' circuit containing. a. quench spark gap slightly and a capacity adapted to be loaded by the 'econdary coil off-the transformer, f and a 2. In an arrangement for producing 81a;

. capacity The current is 'led to the .a' direct I containing a quench and that it for producing elecvwith the primary circuit, V i I f '5'. .lii1 an arrangement -for producing elec-.

tric oscillations by interrupted (llIGCiY'OHI- containing in series I damped secondary oscillation circuit closely coupled with the primaryv cir- 'cuit.

rent, a feeding circuit containing in series 1 a direct current source and a rotatable interrupter comprlslng a sultable number of current conducting bars, a slip ring elec:

trically connected with some of said-bars to cause the periods of open circuit to-be larger than the periods of closed circuit in the interruptions of the feed current, a transformer having a closed magnetic, circuit and having its primary coil in series with said circuit, a primary oscillation circuit conta ning a quench spark gap and a adapted to be loaded by the secondary coil of said transformer, and a slightly damped secondary oscillation circuit closely coupled with the primary circuit.

3. In an arrangement forproducing elec-' trio/oscillations by interrupted direct current, a feeding circuit containing in series current source and a rotatable interrupter comprising a suitable number of current conducting bars, a plurality of slip rings, each ring being electrically connected with an equal number of bars in alternate sequence with the bars connected' to the other rings, a brush sliding onthe interrupter bars, a brush for each of said slip rings,

brush and one pole of said source, means for 'connecting any of said slip ring brushes with the other pole of'said source,-a transformer having a closed magnetic circuit and having its primary -coil in series with said source, a primary oscillation circuit spark gap and a ca pacity adapted to be loaded by the secslightly damped secondary oscillation cir cuit closely coupled with the primary C11- cuit. v I

a connection between the interrupter ondary c011 of the transformer, and a I 4:. In an arrangement producing electric oscillations by interrupted direct curdirect current source and a plurality of disk rent,a feeding circuit containing in series a 1 interrupters,..each disk-having a brush coop crating with it and a slip ring connected to- 1t,

and a brush cooperating with'said ring, said disks adapted to interrupt the current substantially synchronously and so connected that the current passes between and the interrupter disk in the same direcing a taininga quench adapted .to beloa'ded by-the secondary secondary oscillation circuit rent, a ;feeding' circuit a directcurrent source, and a rotatable inu they diskubrush 5 tion in all interrupters, a "transformer hav closed magnetic circuit, and 'havmg spark gap and a capaclt yiyl cm i of the transformer,'and aslightly damped closely coupled terrupter comprising a disk having a plurality of current conducting bars, a slip ring electrically connected with some of the bars, a brush sliding on the interrupter disk, another brush sliding on the slip ring, the polarity between the interrupter disk and its brush being suitably selected to cause the brush sliding on the disk to burn away more rapidly than the bars, a transformer having a closed magnetic circuit, and having its primary coil in series with said current source, a primary oscillation circuit containing a quench spark gap and a capacity adapted to be loaded by the secondary c011 of the transformer, and a slightly dampedsecondary oscillation circuit closely coupled with the primary circuit.

6. In an arran ement for producing electric oscillations y interrupted direct current, a feeding circuit containing in series a direct current source, and a rotatable interrupter comprising a disk having a plu;

rality of current conducting bars, a slip.

ring electrically connected with some of the bars, a brush sliding on the disk, said brush consisting of silver, another brush sliding on the slip ring, said two brushes being connected in series with the current generator, a transformer having a closed magnetic circuit and having its primary coil in series with said source, a primary oscillation circuit containing a quench spark gap and a capacity adapted to be loaded by the secondary coil as a transformer, and a slightly damped secondary oscillation circuit closely coupled with the primary circuit.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

' GEORG GRAF VON ARGO.

Witnesses:

HENRY HASPER, WOLDEMAR HAUPT. 

